Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an activist in the Civil Rights Movement in the United States. She has been called “the first lady of civil rights” and “the mother of the freedom movement”.

Rosa Parks Day is an American holiday celebrated on her birthday in the U.S. states of California and Missouri. In Ohio and Oregon, it is celebrated on December 1, the day of her arrest in 1955 for refusing to give up her seat to a Caucasian man.

She was found guilty on December 5 and fined $10 plus a court cost of $4, which she appealed. This image is the seating chart of the Montgomery, Alabama bus where the incident took place and was, as noted on the top left, Exhibit C in her court case.